Chapter 7

Input and Output


INPUT

Input - any data and instructions entered into the memory of a computer.

Commonly used input methods include:

a) Keyboard

- input device that contains keys users press to enter data 

and instructions into a computer or mobile device.

- An ergonomic keyboard has a design that reduces the chance of repetitive strain injuries.

- Ergonomics incorporates comfort, efficiency, and safety into the design of the workplace.

b) Pointing Devices

- A pointer is a small symbol on the screen whose location and 

shape change as a user moves a pointing device.

c) Touch screen

- A touch-sensitive display device.

d) Pen input

- A graphics tablet, also called a digitizer, is an electronic plastic board

 that detects and converts movements of a style or digital pen into 

signals that are sent to the computer.

e) Motion Input

-sometimes called gesture recognition, users can guide on-screen

 elements using air gestures.

f) Voice Input

- Voice input is the process of entering input by speaking into a microphone

- Voice recognition, also called speech recognition, is the computer or

 mobile device’s capability of distinguishing spoken words.

g) Video Input

- process of capturing full-motion images and storing them on a computer 

or mobile device’s storage medium.

h) Scanners and reading devices

- A scanner is a light-sensing input device that reads printed text and graphics 

and then translates the results into a form the computer can process.

- An optical reader is a device that uses a light source to read characters,

  marks, and codes and then converts them into digital data that a computer can process.

a) Optical character recognition (OCR)

b) Optical mark recognition (OMR)

c ) Bar code reader

- a bar code scanner uses laser beams to read bar codes.

d) QR code 

- stores information in both a vertical and horizontal direction.

e) Magstripe readers 

- read the magnetic stripe on the back of cards.

f) MICR (magnetic ink character recognition) 

- devices read text printed with magnetized ink.

- An MICR reader converts MICR characters into a form the computer can process.

- Banking industry uses MICR for check processing.

OUTPUT

Output - data that has been processed into a useful form.

a) Monitor

- display that is packaged as a separate peripheral device.

b) HDTV
- the most advanced form of digital television.

c) Printer
- produces text and graphics on a physical medium.

d) Speaker
- to generate higher-quality sounds.

e) Headphone
- speakers that cover or are placed outside of the ear.

f) Earbuds
- also called earphones) rest inside the ear canal.

g) Data projector
- device that takes the text and images displaying on a computer
or mobile device screen and projects them on a larger screen.

ASSISTIVE TECHNOLOGY INPUT & OUTPUT 

a) Braille input

b) Braille printer

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